" Daffodils "
Thursday, March 29, 2018
Wednesday, March 28, 2018
Friday, March 23, 2018
Pakistan Day - 23 March
Here is a trivia of Pakistan Day
-It was drafted by a Qadiani, presented by a Bengali, seconded by a Mohajir from UP, got its name from a person who didnt like Quaid and refused to be buried in Pakistan, and was actually passed on 24th of March.
The word Pakistan was never used in the resolution.
-Pakistan day was not celebrated from after 1947 till 1956. 23rd March was initially celebrated as the Republic Day because the First constitution of Pakistan was passed on this day by the then constituent assembly in 1956. In 1958 when the constitution was abrogated this day was declared as Pakistan day and it then started to be celebrated as the day commemorating the date of Lahore Resolution 1940.
-The original text which was passed never talked about one country. It in fact gave the idea of more than one geographically contiguous Independent States. Later on an amendment was made and the word independent states was changed to independent state much much later.
-All India Muslim League accepted the Cabinet Mission plan in 1946, which in a way shows that the then leadership forwent the Lahore Resolution.
- As often misunderstood that the Resolution was about Islam only, it was actually about the protection of religious, cultural, economic, political, administrative and other rights and interests of minorities everywhere
-Here is the text of Resolution which very few people actually read and understand.
While approving and endorsing the action taken by the Council and the Working Committee of the All-India Muslim League, as indicated in their resolutions dated the 27th of August, 17th and 18th of September and 22nd of October, 1939, and 3rd of February 1940, on the constitutional issue, this session of the All-India Muslim League emphatically reiterates that the scheme of Federation embodied in the Government of India Act, 1935 is totally unsuited to, and unworkable in the peculiar conditions of this country and is altogether unacceptable to Muslim India.
It further records its emphatic view that while the declaration dated the 18th of October, 1939, made by the Viceroy on behalf of His Majesty’s Government is reassuring in so far as it declares that the policy and plan on which the Government of India Act, 1935 is based will be reconsidered in consultation with the various parties, interests and communities in India, Muslim India will not be satisfied unless the whole constitutional plan is reconsidered de novo and that no revised plan would be acceptable to the Muslims unless it is framed with their approval and consent.
Resolved that it is the considered view of this session of the All-India Muslim League that no constitutional plan would be workable in this country or acceptable to Muslims unless it is designed on the following basic principle, namely, that geographically contiguous units are demarcated into regions which should be so constituted, with such territorial readjustments as may be necessary, that the areas in which the Muslims are numerically in a majority, as in the North-Western and Eastern Zones of India, should be grouped to constitute ‘Independent States’ in which the constituent units shall be autonomous and sovereign.
That adequate, effective and mandatory safeguards should be specifically provided in the constitution for minorities in these units and in these regions for the protection of their religious, cultural, economic, political, administrative and other rights and interests in consultation with them; and in other parts of India where Mussalmans are in a minority, adequate, effective and mandatory safeguard shall be specially provided in the constitution for them and other minorities for the protection of their religious, cultural, economic, political, administrative and other rights and interests in consultation with them.
This session further authorizes the Working Committee to frame a scheme of constitution in accordance with these basic principles, providing for the assumption finally by the respective regions of all powers such as defense, external affairs, communications, customs and such other matters as may be necessary”
Tuesday, March 6, 2018
Review of Karen Craigo's "No More Milk"
Sundress Publications, 2016
ISBN: 978-1-939675-39-2
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Karen Craigois the author of No More Milk(Sundress, 2016), and she has two forthcoming collections, due out this summer: Passing Through Humansville(Sundress) and Escaped Housewife Tries Hard to Blend In (Tolsun Books). She maintains the blog Better View of the Moon, which deals with writing and creativity, and she is also a freelance writer and editor.
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I've never met Karen Craigo in person. We're friends on Facebook, and she wrote a blurb for myprose poetry chapbook The Fire Circle (Blue Lyra Press, 2016). I believe I originally heard of Karen at least ten years ago, if not fifteen, when she was an editor for a literary journal I was dying to be published in. I so enjoyed her chapbook Escaped Housewife Tries Hard to Blend In (Hermeneutic Chaos, 2016), and I immediately ordered her poetry collection No More Milk. After reading the first poem, "Down Will Come," and finding myself in tears, I knew it was a book I wanted to review. (Read my interview with Karen Craigo here.) �Karen L. George
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Review of Karen Craigo's No More Milk
The poems in Karen Craigo's No More Milk are meditations, praise songs and prayers about love and loss, connection and separation, scarcity and abundance, resilience and vulnerability. They take place in a garden, a field, the woods, a hotel, a church, at an ocean, at home, in bed, in a car, at a grocery, and a food bank. They pay attention to the sacred and the messy as they examine the mysteries of motherhood, beauty, memory, imagination, and spirituality that fuel and transform us as human beings.
The beginning poem, "Down Will Come," references a traditional nursery rhyme lullaby a mother sings while rocking her baby. The poem opens with the mother, the "I" of the poem, admitting, "I'm really not much / of a singer." I was struck by the matter-of-fact tone and plain language, and by how the line break adds a haunting meaning to begin the collection with: "I'm really not much" which for me vibrates throughout the collection in its images, themes, and tensions of scarcity vs. abundance.
The next lines establish the collection's intense feeling of intimacy, of a mother beside you, speaking directly to you: "Tonight / I rockabye the baby." The poet uses a striking image to describe this rocking:
the way you'd rock
a truck from a snowdrift,
grinding gears over
lowest notes...
It's such an unusual pairing of rocking a baby to sleep with song, which the narrator says she considers "holy," and the above image and its suggested "grinding" sounds. This intriguing comparison establishes a tension in the poem that threads throughout this collection.
The poem continues with the intriguing question:
...Was there ever
such music as your own
mother's voice, filtered
through the drumhead
of her sternum, growl
of song and blood
and breath?
The above breathtaking lines contain such longing and tenderness. They invite the reader to consider their own memories of their mother's voice, and how they might have heard it when they were being carried in her womb�such a powerful image. The "growl / of song and blood / and breath" also presages other poems that sing of the body. And in the "growl / of song" there is again this unusual pairing that sets up a tension or rub that adds interest to the poem. It also echoes the earlier comparison of rocking a baby to rocking a truck from a snowdrift.
The poem ends speaking about memory and how it can transform with time, ending with an image inferring the vulnerability that memory opens us up to, and the vulnerabilities of babies, mothers�all humans alive:
...And even
if it wasn't beautiful then,
it is now, in memory,
her real voice a bough
breaking crisp on the phone
hundreds of miles
from where you fall.
One of the things I admire most about No More Milk is the way the poems connect to each other. The title of the first poem, "Down Will Come," speaks to the second poem "Milk" by invoking the image of a mother's milk coming down. In "Milk" the mother is "a thousand miles away" from her baby, and is having a difficult time hand-pumping milk. She says:
My baby and I are near the end.
It's no one's fault. Each day
I have less to give.
Such simple words that speak so eloquently, layered with emotion and meaning�imply not just this particular narrator, her baby and a lack of milk, but how everyone in the world struggles with scarcity and regret. She opens the third stanza with "The world is dense with hunger" and the literal and figurative image of having to pull her baby's "fist from his mouth / just to feed him," and how "for some / hunger is a fist that never stops / being a fist." The fist suggests that hunger�the many desperate forms of lack and longing that exist in this world. The narrator also implies that sometimes all we can do is nurture ourselves:
...I couldn't dump that milk.
For the baby in the courtyard,
for my baby, for all
the babies, I drank it down.
Milk is used as a symbol throughout these poems, as a source of sustenance, a gift a mother can give to her child�the first, elemental nourishment we give and receive as humans�the embodiment of love. In "Hours after Anger, He Wakes Me" a son spilling milk leads to anger, tears, a nightmare, regret, grace, and a prayer the poet describes as:
...vague, no words,
almost an odor of regret and shame.
I stayed awake to write this poem
and to draw a symbol on the fat
wedge of my thumb�a secret mark
that means Love the boy better,
keep him, pin him to this Earth.
This poem speaks so intimately of love between a child and a mother and its inevitable failings and complications. In "Three Tips for Inhabiting Our Material World" the narrator also speaks of the sacred connection between a mother and son, by telling how he brings her feathers:
...He smuggles
these to me in secret,
like the code
to a lock, and I keep them
in a vase�glorious
tail feathers, pin feathers,
scraps from a wing.
He knows I love these
artifacts of flight or battle,
prismatic, pocket-bent
or frayed.
It's significant that the poet describes the feathers as "scraps" which implies scarcity, and also as "artifacts of flight or battle," and not just "prismatic" but also "pocket-bent / or frayed." These words suggest the complexities and dualities of life that no doubt the mother and the son are continuing to learn and to teach each other. The poem ends with an intriguing and beautiful idea of the son "working on a notion / of place�about where / we might settle together, / and with what / we may line our nest." This image of a nest echoes so many of the other poems in the idea of hungering for nourishment (literal and figurative), and longing to find a home�your place in, and your connections to, a family, a community, and the world. The poem "Half-Buried" begins with the lines, "Eyes-down is how you see / the nests of things." In "Ars Poetica" the narrator says:
I could feel all
I was losing: I was
a hollow tree, enough space
beneath my sternum
for a nest. There was no one
to hold me but the world,
the empty air.
There is such a sense of yearning in the above lines, of wanting to create and nourish, and to also find the sustenance to continue creating.
The ideas of lack and plentitude are also conveyed in poems about money. In "How We Save," parents teach their son about saving and thrift, give him "a dollar / for doing a household thing." But inside his piggy bank is also an IOU, "what it cost / to fill the car and take him / where he wanted to go." The poem ends with a visit to a park with a meadow where they lay in the grass, and the son "blessed / it with a name�Place of Fresh / Butterfly Milk." I love that the mother in this poem teaches the child about finding abundance through being in nature, which mirrors the idea in the poem "Three Tips for Inhabiting Our Material World" of "working on a notion / of place" and creating a nest.
In "Special Money" the mother is forced to use saved Bicentennial quarters to buy a gallon of milk, giving the reader the powerful statement: "Nothing is so special it can't / be made bread." The poem "What it Means to Wait" contains a waitress whose purse is weighed down with coins that she counts out "for a jug / of milk." In "Offering," instead of money for the church collection, she offers stamps, "a gift card for ice cream," and "a poem." In "One Hundred Grand" she carries dollars "in this pouch I wear. / The thinking is that the law / of attraction will kick in, and soon / I'll be swarmed with greenbacks, ungainly as a mantis in flight."
Even though the title of the collection is No More Milk, and many of its poems examine scarcity, hunger, and need, they are also full of abundance and hope. "Naming What Is" imagines a scene such as the biblical Garden of Eden, where a man and a woman interact with the opulence of the natural world as they name things:
...It was all
so pure then�they were incorruptible,
and language moved between them
like a beast, sweet and lumbering.
The idea of "naming" in this poem beautifully parallels the son's naming a meadow in "How We Save," and also celebrates language, the spoken word, finding a voice, and creativity�other kinds of abundance threaded through these poems.
Besides writing about connection and love between a mother and child, there are poems that feature love between partners. In "Scat with Mourning Dove" the "I" of the poem wakes to a dove's "syncopated song" and "a kiss, whisker sharp, a body / warm against mine." I love the way the poet pairs the feeling of a kiss (which I think of as soft) with "whisker sharp." This kind of duality, this acknowledgement of love's complexity, is reflected in the way the couple join in the bird's song, "yesterday's anger / reduced to syllables in the air."
In "Before We Try 'I Love You'" a couple is testing "the word obliquely. / On the phone, buffered by a dozen states..." The center of the poem contains such a striking image to convey the couple's conflicted feelings about making a deeper commitment:
...But when we speak of each other,
something catches the word at the trap door
of our throats. It's like that egg
the magician deposits in the cave of his ear,
then draws whole from his mouth.
The egg is such a perfect image for the beginning of things, for nourishment, for everything elemental. In "Gathering Eggs" the narrator says "I'm here for their eggs, / a thing they give easily, / and I get it: some months / entire paychecks are taken / by snake-fingered hands." Such a powerful image of giving and taking�the exchanges we make in life. Eggs also connect to the nest imagery in several poems.
No More Milk contains a central long poem in parts, titled "Guided Meditation: Inventory" which is both an examination and a celebration of the body, what I think of as self-love. We move slowly from the ground up with poems subtitled "Feet," "Legs," "Hips," "Hand," "Arms," "Throat," "Head," and "Crown." The poems begin with a direct address to the reader (as "you") to "focus," "think," "consider," or "move your attention" to a specific part of "your" body. In "Feet" we see the poet's playfulness in the lines: "the feet�street urchins / who cleave to you." These lines are also beautifully rhythmic, with the repeated long "e" sound. She expresses such reverence and tenderness for the body, as in these lines in "Legs:"
...Let the ankles,
graceful as the neck
of the Madonna,
flop outward in repose.
In the poem "Hips" she says, "They are broad," and uses longer lines to enhance this characteristic, describing the hips with the following exquisite lines:
They turn slowly like a beam from a lighthouse.
Imagine you can open them to the light. You can't.
Your pelvis is solid, the body's firm cradle.
Such surprise and beauty in the first two lines followed by the startling statement, "You can't," which emphasizes the reality of the body's limits. And yet, at the poem's end, it reveals the comforting affirmation that "You can fill you. You can invite / others in. Any time you feel closed or hollow, / remember, there is a secret door, a room." This sense of wonder at what our bodies can be and do, continues in the poem "Arms" by simply stating, "Picture them moving / along the gantry / of your shoulders. / They're snapping / a bedsheet. / They're pulling two corners / together." In "Crown" she says, "I think / hope lives there, or love�/ things that have no place / near the body's rags and bruises, / its churlishness and fear."
Besides acknowledging the wonders of our bodies, these body inventory poems delve into the body's vulnerabilities. In "Feet" she states "True, / the world will give up / its carpet tacks, / its broken glass, / but promise the feet / you'll be vigilant." In "Throat" she delves into the body's complexities, describing the throat as "storehouse of the body's rage," and the stunning image of how from your throat "truth skitters like a mole rat." I'm reminded of the previously mentioned throat imagery in "Before We Try 'I Love You.'"
The vulnerability in these body poems is echoed and intensified in the poem "In Praise of the Body Broken in Two," where the narrator experiences three days of pain. The poem ends with wonder, where she compares the body to a cathedral:
...the architecture of skin
and bones�the arches and rose
windows, buttresses, crockets, cusps.
This place is so holy
you'd have to leave your shoes
to step inside.
The poet's handling of the body's vulnerability goes even deeper, darker in four haunting poems in which she imagines ways of dying�"by Bleeding," "by Bullet," "by Water," and "by Fire." "Death by Bleeding" opens with:
You've thought of it, but no:
the wrist is a narrow, helpless thing,
and you have traced its rivers
through the skin. All morning
you've been flexing your hand,
and you've seen in those cords
a dear throat, clearing.
This image of the throat and its connection to our breathing, and our voice (especially relevant to a poet) was echoed in earlier described poems, effectively setting up a repeated pattern that resonates every time it appears. In "Death by Bullet," she says "Alive, we can only conceive / of the searing.../ It blooms there, sudden metal flower." "Death by Fire" opens with the chilling image "At the base of the flame / there's a blue answer."
Many poems speak of the natural world and its abundance and holiness�right whales she imagines crossing her path, trees creaking in a way that she describes as hearing them grow, a goldfinch returning to its mate "in the usual undulating way: / some wingbeats, small plunge, // and again, again, again." In "Taproot" she admires trees' resilience: "If something blocks their light / they'll grow around it...They point themselves / directly at their need."
The collection's last poem, titled "Fruits," opens with the lines:
I want to say something
about the wild strawberries�
how they were all along the patch
and seemed new.
She goes on to describe their beauty: "so bright, unusually small. / We weren't sure what we were seeing�/ even after I kneeled to touch one / and noted the surface studded / with seeds." Then the poem turns, as the narrator reveals she's thinking about these strawberries while she's rocking her baby, who's been crying for two hours� "a tooth is trying to bloom / in his inconsolable mouth." This baby, the mother rocking to console him, and his "inconsolable" need mirrors the beginning poems so perfectly�and these repeated ideas of abundance and scarcity, and of longing for beauty. The poem and the collection end with the surprising, exquisite lines:
...the baby flexes his back
and lifts his mouth closer
to my ear. The baby says beauty
is ephemeral, and the earth
before its fruits. Go ahead and write,
he says�tell the people
what you know. It's entirely possible
those berries are already gone.
Yes, the poems in No More Milk tell us what Karen Craigo knows of scarcity and abundance, giving and receiving, yearning and loving, vulnerability and strength, beauty and holiness. These poems celebrate and rant about the dualities and mysteries of being human. They resonate with genuine and complex emotional intensity, and an irresistible tone of playfulness, kindness, intimacy, and reverence. These poems will surprise, ground, and nourish you at every turn.
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